North Carolina Architects and Builders - A Biographical Dictionary

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Walker, James (1827-1901)

James Walker (1827-1901) was a Scots-born builder, contractor, and brickmason who came to Wilmington, North Carolina, in 1857 to supervise construction of the United States Marine Hospital for his brother John Walker, the contractor for the project. James stayed in Wilmington the rest of his life, becoming one of the leading builders and a...

Howe Family (fl. 1850s-1900s)

The Howe Family of Wilmington, North Carolina, encompassed at least four generations of men of color active in the city's building trades. As traced in Strength Through Struggle, they included Anthony Howe (d. 1837) and his sons Anthony (ca. 1807-after 1870), Pompey (d. by 1869), and Alfred Augustus (1817-1892); Anthony's sons Anthony Jr. (dates...

Bain, William Carter (1839-1920)

William Carter Bain (January 8, 1839- July 8, 1920) was a prolific and adaptable contractor who epitomized the energetic entrepreneurship of the post-Civil War well into the 20th century. Bain began as a small-town artisan, served in the Confederate army, and became a regional builder and manufacturer. Adapting successfully to changing times during a...

McMillen, Charles (1854-1911)

Charles McMillen (1854-1911), an Irish-born architect, was one of many mobile architects who worked in cities across America in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Active in Duluth in the 1880s and 1890s, he moved to Wilmington, North Carolina, after winning a competition to design the port city's Masonic Temple in 1898. He...

Bonitz, Henry E. (1872-1921)

Henry Emil Bonitz (1872-1921), born in Goldsboro, North Carolina, of German parentage, established an extraordinarily prolific practice as an architect in Wilmington, with scores of projects in the port city and its environs, and many more in other towns and counties in North Carolina. Henry Bonitz was a son of John Henry William Bonitz and...

Bacon, Henry (1866-1924)

Henry Bacon, Jr. (Nov. 28, 1866-Feb. 16, 1924), best known as the architect of the Lincoln Memorial in Washington, D. C., spent much of his youth in Wilmington, North Carolina, and he designed some notable buildings in the state as a result. The friendships he made in Wilmington as a youth led to several...

Zachary and Zachary (fl. 1890s)

Zachary and Zachary was a contracting and building supply firm active in Raleigh and Wilmington from the early 1890s until about 1901. Its principals were father and son Henry Clay (H. C.) Zachary (1848-1907) and Arthur D. Zachary (1872-1938). Both were born in Alamance County, where Henry Clay Zachary began his career as a...

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